"There is a large body of data right now showing how easily this is transmitted just in the air by breathing. You can literally just walk into a room, where someone with the virus is breathing, and their virus will be floating in the air....It doesn't mean wherever I walk I'm going to get infected. But if you're close to someone who is infected, you have a good chance of getting infected yourself."

"When I hear New York talking about the fact they are down the backside of the mountain, I know they have been through hell. And that is an important statement. But they have to understand that’s not the mountain. That is the foothills. They have mountains to go yet. We have a lot of people to get infected [with the coronavirus] before this is over."

"But I think equally challenging going forward is that we are in for really rough days coming yet [with COVID-19], and that's where credibility and leadership are going to be everything. You have to trust the individual who is telling you how bad things are, how bad they will get....We are going to need FDR-like fireside chats over the course of the next year or two."

"As a country, we’re unprepared not just logistically but mentally for this next [COVID-19] phase....The way you prepare people for a sprint and marathon are very different. As a country, we are utterly unprepared for the marathon ahead.

"There's got to be an approach in the middle. I call it 'threading the rope through the needle,' where we open our economy and everyday life in a way that is capable of rapidly detecting the emergence of new waves of [SARS-CoV-2] infection. Then we do whatever we can again with physical distancing to limit the new infection's spread."

"As we learn more about the transmission of this virus [SARS-CoV-2], it's very clear that it is at least, if not more, infectious than even what the world experienced in the historic pandemic influenza of 1918. And I'm convinced that this pandemic is following what we experienced in 1918."

"60 days ago, this virus infection [SARS-CoV-2] was not even among the top 75 causes of death in the United States....For the last week and a half, it's been the number cause of death day after day after day. That's serious. This is not the flu."

"This first wave [of the coronavirus] … is just the beginning of what could easily be 16 to 18 months of substantial activity of this virus around the world, coming and going, wave after wave....It surely is a virus that likely will have to infect at least 60 to 70 percent of the population before you’re going to see a major reduction in its transmission."

"I think people haven't understood that this [the COVID-19 pandemic] isn't about the next couple of weeks...This is about the next two years."

"The question is what does it take for you to get infected [with the coronavirus]? And that I think is the trillion-dollar question we have....Maybe all it takes is an aerosol. You don't need any droplets at all."

"This is not even the beginning of the end [of the COVID-19 pandemic], rather, this is the end of the beginning, we now need to realize we have a long road ahead of us."

"Reagents for [COVID-19] testing were kind of filled through a garden hose worldwide and then Wuhan came along and they had to step it up to, frankly, a firehose....And now that the entire world is on fire and the entire world wants to test, we need a canal of reagents."

"There is a gender issue here [with COVID-19] and it can't be accounted for just by obesity and smoking. Obesity is equal among both, smoking is about equal among both. None of us know,"

"We have to reopen somehow. We can’t go in shutdown mode for 20 months....If we shut down like Wuhan, we destroy society as we know it. If we allow the virus to run willy nilly, we will destroy our healthcare system and the economy with it."

"I think the bottom line ... is a really important one -- that we are all obviously occupied and terribly concerned about what's happening right now [with COVID-19], but we could be in the first inning of a nine-inning game [where] we've got 18 or more months left until we get the vaccine."

"If you want to wear a cloth mask, use it. Know that I don't believe, or none of my colleagues, that this is going to have a major positive impact [against COVID-19]. But whatever you do, please don't use a surgical mask....We've got to save them for our health care workers."

"We're very, very short on ventilators, and we have to come to grips with the fact we are going to have people die in this country because we will not have enough ventilators. But then how do we start allocating them now? Who does get them? Why do they get them?"

"Even areas that [stemmed their COVID-19 outbreaks] so well originally as people thought now are realizing that unless you can completely suppress this virus, it’s gonna come back, and it’s gonna keep coming back as long as you have susceptible people."

"I think many of us think that [China is] in part experiencing a resurgence [in COVID-19 cases] as they're opening up their economy again, but they don't want anybody to know it."

"It's what we predicted. Now we just have to get through this. We need a [COVID-19 response] plan; we need a way to understand how we don't shut down the world. We can't shut down the economy."